Industrial Revolution

History of industrial revolution

The Industrial Revolution was a scientific and technological development in the 18th century that transformed largely rural, agrarian societies especially in Europe and North America into industrialized society. Textile and iron industry was changed as a large factories and producing mass scale. Before the invention of machineries these industries operated as cottage level.

Impact of the industrial revolution can seen in Great Britain because machineries were invented largely. Britain is a leading country of producing textile in cottage level industry. After the industrial revolution industries like iron and textile developed faster because large production and introduce new techniques to the production process.

Power source and transportation

Initial stages of industrial revolution steam power is the main power used to operate the machineries. To generate steam power they used the Coal because it cheaper. due to excessive demand coal mining industry also seen developing faster.

due to large scale production manufacturers compel to explore new markets. for this purposes the want developed transportation facilities. also to transport  raw materials and employees they want transportation. for this reason they used vehicle using steam power also seen faster development in road networks.

Support services

After the industrial revolution there was large scale production and businesses developed rapidly. to facilitate these businesses the needed support services like transportation, insurance, warehousing, banking and communication, these services also developed rapidly. Introducing sophisticated communication services and Rail roads are some of the initiations.

People living in the areas around the industrialized cities quickly urbanized and village people are migrated to urban area. Small town became large towns. Due the rapid increase in population and industries cities are polluted largely. Also suffered with lack of infrastructure facilities like sanitation, drinking water and housing.

Labor Movement

Though many people in Britain had begun moving to the cities from rural areas before the Industrial Revolution, this process accelerated dramatically with industrialization, as the rise of large factories turned smaller towns into major cities over the span of decades. This rapid urbanization brought significant challenges, as overcrowded cities suffered from pollution, inadequate sanitation, miserable housing conditions and a lack of safe drinking water.

Due industrialization increased the economic output of the economy and increased the income of the people, but working population suffered and there is no improvement. Also seen large population of child Labour alter the industrial revolution.

Stages of Industrial Revolution

Currently we are in 4^th industrial revolution. Industrial revolution started in 1765. Since then technology changed many time and differently time to time. based on the power source and technology the industrial revolution is divided into 4 stages.

1^st stage of Industrial Revolution 1765

Invention of machineries and production process mechanized. Agriculture economy became industrial economy. New source of energy (Steam) invention, machineries and rail road thus paved way for the faster economic development.

2^nd Industrial Revolution 1870

Since the industrial revolution till 1870 main power source is steam power. During the second industrial revolution the invention of Electricity, gas and oil are the main source of power used by industries. Machineries more efficient than the steam engine after the use of modern power sources. During this period invention of automobile, aircraft, chemical synthesis, computer,increase in iron demand and communication development such as telegraphic and telephone. The second stage of industrial revolution is most important stage.

3^rd Industrial Revolution 1969

In this stage invention of Nuclear energy is the power source introduce during this stage. During this stage invention of electronics, telecommunications development in computers, space exploration biotechnology and more researches in various fields were seen. One of the main invention during this period is Programmable Logic Controllers and robotic technology.

4^th Industrial Revolution

This is the era of current world. Currently the world is changing day by day in all areas. Now the world considering about sustainability in all areas. Because without sustainable development can’t survive in the world. This leads to world consider the renewable energy sources such as Solar, Hydro Wind Sea waves and many more. For this lots of Innovations were seen across the world day by day.

In this era Information technology is dominating in all the areas. This is not just technology but beyond technology all the stakeholders are important in this era for the development the world. The main area driving the forth industrial revolution is information technology. Example : Artificial Intelligence dominating in all areas.